Aviation Medicine is a medical specialty which combines aspects of preventive, occupational, environmental and clinical medicine with the physiology and psychology of man in flight. It is concerned with the health and safety of those who fly, both crew and passengers, as well as the selection and performance of those who hold aviation licenses.

Aviation can contribute to the rapid dissemination of communicable diseases – almost any city can be reached within 24 hours.   Passenger numbers are significantly reduced by public health emergencies, reducing income to national economies well as to airline and supporting companies. Aviation Medicine contributes to the mitigation and management of such health risks and other public health events, such as radio nuclear and chemical accidents.